TYPES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH:
Medical research does not end with the graduation of students. Conducting research keeps practicing engineers, emergency responders, and doctors up to date on new approaches and allows them to identify best practices that can have a broad impact across industries.
BASIC RESEARCH:
Animal experiments, cell studies, biochemical, genetic, and physiological investigations, and studies on the properties of medications and materials are all examples of basic medical research (also known as experimental research). Almost every experiment involves varying at least one independent variable and examining the impact on the dependent variable.
CLINICAL STUDIES:
Clinical studies encompass both interventional (or experimental) and non-interventional (or observational) studies in medical research. Medical device research, as well as surgical, physical, and psychotherapeutic therapies, are examples of interventional studies. Clinical studies should ideally include randomization, in which the patients are allocated by chance to the therapy arms.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES:
The main point of interest in epidemiological studies is to investigate the distribution and historical changes in the frequency of diseases and the causes for these. Analogously to clinical studies, a distinction is made between experimental and observational epidemiological studies. Observational epidemiological studies can be further subdivided into cohort studies (follow-up studies), case control studies, cross-sectional studies (prevalence studies), and ecological studies (correlation studies or studies with aggregated data).
Behavioral Studies
These are studies that test how people act in different ways.
Clinical Trials
These are studies of a drug, surgery, or medical device in healthy volunteers or people who have a specific disease. See below for more information.
Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR)
This is research that engages community partners as equal participants in the research.
Genetic Studies
These are studies to find the role of genes in different diseases.
Observational Studies
These are studies in which a group of people is observed for many years.
Physiological Studies
These are studies to better understand how the human body functions.
Prevention Studies
These are studies that test ways to prevent specific conditions or diseases.
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